Freshwater

We provide public information on river, lake, and groundwater conditions across New Zealand including freshwater quantity and quality.

  • SHMAK stream life – collecting benthic macroinvertebrates using the Stone Method

    If you don’t have a net, you can collect stones from the streambed and collect the invertebrates that are clinging to the stones.
  • SHMAK stream life – macrophytes

    Macrophytes are large aquatic plants. How to assess macrophyte cover with just a measuring tape and a willingness to get wet.
  • SHMAK stream life – periphyton

    How you can assess the types and amount of periphyton: communities of algae and cyanobacteria attached to the sediment surface or plants.
  • SHMAK water quality – phosphate

    Phosphate is measured in SHMAK using the Hanna Instruments Phosphate Checker. Where to order phosphate checkers and reagents.
  • SHMAK water quality – nitrate

    The nitrate test included in SHMAK is a colorimetric test. Where to order additional Aquaspex Microtest® Nitrate-N kits.
  • SHMAK water quality – temperature and conductivity

    Temperature and conductivity are two easy measurements you can take in your stream. Here's how to use a temperature logger.
  • How to collect a water sample

    Some SHMAK tests require you to collect a water sample. If you are sending your water sample to a lab for analysis, here's a list of some water quality labs.
  • What is included in SHMAK

    SHMAK is available as a starter kit, a standard kit and SHMAK+. Here we explain what is included in the kit and what extras you need to purchase on your own.
  • Setting up your site

    The various assessments in SHMAK are done over different lengths (reaches) of stream. Mark out the longest reach first, then shorter reaches.
  • Stream site assessment

    SHMAK Stream Site Assessment - How to record some basic information about your stream site so you can interpret your results.
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    SHMAK Manual

    Download the entire manual or just the chapters you need. A printed version is also available.
  • Unlocking the mysterious marine life of eels

    Feature story
    Tiny, translucent eels may hold the answers to one of the fish world’s great mysteries. Zen Gregor investigates.